What is a Black Hole? What Makes Black Holes Special?
Three entities may emerge after the death of a star; Neutron star, White Dwarf and Black Hole. Black holes are cosmic celestial bodies that appear after the death of the stars. It is a space zone in the black holes with an incredible amount of intensity that the physics rules we know do not work.
Apart from the black holes of star origin, there are super-massive black holes in the center of the galaxies, which are formed by the collapse of gas masses. In the center of the Milky Way galaxy, which includes our solar system, there is such a black hole, and the mass of this black hole is about three million solar masses. But we know that the black hole in the center of the Milky Way galaxy is in a state of sleep.
It is impossible to observe black holes directly. In order for us to see an object physically, it must reflect light or reflect the rays that come on it. For black holes, however, it is not the case, because they can even swallow the light from their close. We know the existence of black holes because of the gravitational force on the objects around it.
Black holes have a region where light and matter known as inden Event Horizon den can no longer escape due to gravity. So the event horizon is the limit of the force of the black hole. When an observer enters the event horizon of a black hole, it does not encounter a surface in the sense that we know it, it only reaches a region where it can no longer escape and therefore there is no way to know beyond the event horizon. An observer approaching the event horizon and an observer away from the black hole will progress differently. In the light of Einstein's theory of relativity, an observer will notice that the time progresses differently due to the effects of gravitation compared to an observer further away from the black hole.
We said that light could not escape through the black hole. So can the objects faster than the light escape if the black hole enters the gravitational field? Some scientists have argued that if there are objects faster than light, they could escape from the black hole. Hawking, the famous physicist who set out from this idea, proposed the idea of ’black hole radiation k in 1974. According to Hawking, there is nothing slower than the velocity of light from the event horizon of black holes to the universe. But black holes can emit radiation.
According to the Hawking radiation, some of the particles in the mass of the black hole can move faster than the light and escape from the black hole. In this respect, the black holes in the universe to emit particles of its own mass is reduced. In other words, as the black hole radiates, its mass will become smaller. Thus, black holes continue to shrink over time depending on the mass amount and after a while a large explosion disappears.
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