getline() is a C++ standard library function that reads input from the user until a specified delimiter is reached. This function is commonly used to read input from a user when the input may include spaces or other whitespace characters that are ignored by other input functions like cin .
The string class in C++ is a powerful tool for working with strings of characters. It provides a number of functions for creating, manipulating, and accessing strings, making it easier to work with text-based data in C++. Some common functions of the string class include length(), substr(), find(), and replace().
string functions in C++ are a collection of pre-defined functions that can be used to manipulate strings. These functions can be used with the string class or with C-style strings. Some common string functions include tolower(), toupper(), strcmp(), strcpy(), and strlen(). These functions make it easier to perform operations on strings, such as converting them to uppercase or lowercase, comparing them, or copying them to a new location in memory.