Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) is the measure of aerosols (e.g., urban haze, smoke. particles, desert dust, sea salt) distributed within a column of air from the instrument. (Earth's surface) to the top of the atmosphere.
Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) is a quantitative estimate of the amount of aerosol present in the atmosphere, and it can be used as a proxy for surface Particulate Matter PM2. 5 (particles smaller than 2.5 µm median diameter). AOD measures the extinction of a ray of light as it passes through the atmosphere.
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