💯 √ Types of Waves #2/4 Transverse Waves and Longitudinal Waves | Waves

Опубликовано: 31 Январь 2021
на канале: iitutor.com

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Longitudinal waves: In longitudinal or compression waves the medium moves back-and-forth parallel to the wave's velocity. This type of wave can be produced in a stretched spring as illustrated in figure Longitudinal pulse in a stretched spring. The regions where the spring is more tightly bunched are called compressions, while the regions that are less tightly bunched are called rarefactions. Sound waves are longitudinal waves that propagate through gases, liquids and solids.

Transverse waves: When transverse waves travel through a medium, the medium moves back-and¬-forth perpendicular to the wave’s velocity. Figure Transverse wave in a stretched spring shows how a stretched spring is distorted as a transverse wave travels along with it. Other examples of transverse waves include waves on stretched strings, water waves and electromagnetic waves (e.g. light, radio, TV waves). Transverse waves can only travel through materials in which transverse or shear forces can be transmitted. For this reason, transverse mechanical waves cannot travel through gases or within the body of a liquid.

Transverse waves cause the medium to be displaced perpendicularly to the wave’s velocity (e.g. light and water waves).

Longitudinal waves cause the medium to be displaced parallel to the wave’s velocity (e.g. sound).

Question 8

Compare the motion of particles in a transverse wave and in a longitudinal wave.

In transverse waves, the medium oscillates perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer.
In longitudinal waves, the medium oscillates parallel to the direction of energy transfer.

Question 9

Classify the following waves as transverse or longitudinal.

(a) A ripple in a pool of oil: transverse
(b) A sound wave travelling underwater: longitudinal
(c) A radio wave broadcast from a satellite: transverse